Vine

Also known as Vine Camera

Cause of death

Killed by cost

Made by

Twitter

Twitter shut it down during a cost-reduction round rather than sell it or fund it further.

Vine gave the internet the six-second looping video and, with it, an entire generation of performers who learned to build a joke around a hard cut. Twitter announced the shutdown in October 2016 and converted the app into the stripped-down Vine Camera the following January. Its cultural footprint substantially outlived its four-year run, and its format was absorbed wholesale by the platforms that followed.